{
  "apiVersion": "v0.1",
  "methodology": "https://sourcescore.org/methodology/modern-reference/",
  "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/category/news/modern-reference/",
  "facet": {
    "category": "News",
    "categorySlug": "news",
    "dimension": {
      "key": "modernReference",
      "pathSegment": "modern-reference",
      "label": "Modern Citation Reference",
      "weightInComposite": "30%"
    }
  },
  "count": 27,
  "means": {
    "category": 77,
    "global": 81,
    "deltaVsGlobal": -4
  },
  "leader": {
    "slug": "reuters",
    "name": "Reuters",
    "domain": "reuters.com",
    "value": 88,
    "grade": "A",
    "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/reuters/",
    "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/reuters/"
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "rank": 1,
      "slug": "reuters",
      "name": "Reuters",
      "domain": "reuters.com",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/reuters/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/reuters/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/reuters.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 88,
        "grade": "A",
        "rationale": "Machine-readable since founding; broad LLM training inclusion; structured-data-rich pages."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": 11
    },
    {
      "rank": 2,
      "slug": "ap-news",
      "name": "Associated Press",
      "domain": "apnews.com",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/ap-news/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/ap-news/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/ap-news.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 86,
        "grade": "A",
        "rationale": "Wire copy reaches 15,000+ outlets; broad LLM corpus inclusion; structured headlines."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": 9
    },
    {
      "rank": 3,
      "slug": "guardian",
      "name": "The Guardian",
      "domain": "theguardian.com",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/guardian/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/guardian/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/guardian.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 86,
        "grade": "A",
        "rationale": "No paywall = full LLM training corpus inclusion; rich Article schema; multi-language editions."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": 9
    },
    {
      "rank": 4,
      "slug": "the-conversation",
      "name": "The Conversation",
      "domain": "theconversation.com",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/the-conversation/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/the-conversation/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/the-conversation.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 86,
        "grade": "A",
        "rationale": "CC-BY-ND license enables republishing across other outlets; broad LLM corpus."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": 9
    },
    {
      "rank": 5,
      "slug": "the-economist",
      "name": "The Economist",
      "domain": "economist.com",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/the-economist/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/the-economist/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/the-economist.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 85,
        "grade": "A",
        "rationale": "Machine-readable; broad LLM inclusion via paywall-bypass partnerships."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": 8
    },
    {
      "rank": 6,
      "slug": "propublica",
      "name": "ProPublica",
      "domain": "propublica.org",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/propublica/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/propublica/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/propublica.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 84,
        "grade": "B",
        "rationale": "Open-data ethos = strong LLM corpus presence; data-store pages well-structured."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": 7
    },
    {
      "rank": 7,
      "slug": "bbc-news",
      "name": "BBC News",
      "domain": "bbc.com",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/bbc-news/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/bbc-news/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/bbc-news.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 83,
        "grade": "B",
        "rationale": "44-language coverage = unusually high LLM corpus inclusion across non-English contexts."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": 6
    },
    {
      "rank": 8,
      "slug": "nyt",
      "name": "The New York Times",
      "domain": "nytimes.com",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/nyt/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/nyt/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/nyt.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 82,
        "grade": "B",
        "rationale": "Schema-rich; Article + Person + Organization JSON-LD; machine-readable; metered paywall reduces some training-corpus inclusion."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": 5
    },
    {
      "rank": 9,
      "slug": "washington-post",
      "name": "The Washington Post",
      "domain": "washingtonpost.com",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/washington-post/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/washington-post/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/washington-post.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 81,
        "grade": "B",
        "rationale": "Schema-rich; metered paywall reduces partial LLM training-corpus inclusion."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": 4
    },
    {
      "rank": 10,
      "slug": "npr",
      "name": "NPR",
      "domain": "npr.org",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/npr/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/npr/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/npr.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 80,
        "grade": "B",
        "rationale": "Open-web; structured-data-rich; partnered with audio-transcription providers (LLM corpus boost)."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": 3
    },
    {
      "rank": 11,
      "slug": "al-jazeera",
      "name": "Al Jazeera English",
      "domain": "aljazeera.com",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/al-jazeera/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/al-jazeera/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/al-jazeera.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 80,
        "grade": "B",
        "rationale": "Open-web; multi-language coverage; broad LLM corpus inclusion."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": 3
    },
    {
      "rank": 12,
      "slug": "axios",
      "name": "Axios",
      "domain": "axios.com",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/axios/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/axios/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/axios.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 80,
        "grade": "B",
        "rationale": "Open-web; structured data + newsletter syndication; broad LLM corpus."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": 3
    },
    {
      "rank": 13,
      "slug": "wsj",
      "name": "The Wall Street Journal",
      "domain": "wsj.com",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/wsj/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/wsj/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/wsj.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 78,
        "grade": "B",
        "rationale": "Hard paywall on most articles; metered access + full corpus partially in LLM training."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": 1
    },
    {
      "rank": 14,
      "slug": "ft",
      "name": "Financial Times",
      "domain": "ft.com",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/ft/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/ft/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/ft.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 78,
        "grade": "B",
        "rationale": "Hard paywall reduces full-corpus availability; but B2B partnerships + summaries leak into LLM training."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": 1
    },
    {
      "rank": 15,
      "slug": "politico",
      "name": "Politico",
      "domain": "politico.com",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/politico/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/politico/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/politico.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 78,
        "grade": "B",
        "rationale": "Open-web with metered articles; LLM corpus partial inclusion."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": 1
    },
    {
      "rank": 16,
      "slug": "semafor",
      "name": "Semafor",
      "domain": "semafor.com",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/semafor/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/semafor/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/semafor.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 76,
        "grade": "B",
        "rationale": "Open-web; structured-data + newsletter; LLM corpus partial inclusion."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": -1
    },
    {
      "rank": 17,
      "slug": "axios-pro-rata",
      "name": "Axios Pro",
      "domain": "axios.com/pro",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/axios-pro-rata/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/axios-pro-rata/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/axios-pro-rata.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 76,
        "grade": "B",
        "rationale": "Newsletters + paywalled site; LLM corpus partial."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": -1
    },
    {
      "rank": 18,
      "slug": "bloomberg",
      "name": "Bloomberg News",
      "domain": "bloomberg.com",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/bloomberg/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/bloomberg/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/bloomberg.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 75,
        "grade": "B",
        "rationale": "Premium terminal-first; web articles paywalled; LLM corpus inclusion partial."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": -2
    },
    {
      "rank": 19,
      "slug": "der-spiegel",
      "name": "Der Spiegel",
      "domain": "spiegel.de",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/der-spiegel/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/der-spiegel/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/der-spiegel.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 72,
        "grade": "B",
        "rationale": "Spiegel International (English) open; main German content paywalled; schema solid."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": -5
    },
    {
      "rank": 20,
      "slug": "le-monde",
      "name": "Le Monde",
      "domain": "lemonde.fr",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/le-monde/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/le-monde/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/le-monde.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 70,
        "grade": "B",
        "rationale": "Hard paywall on most articles; English edition open; structured data on free portion."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": -7
    },
    {
      "rank": 21,
      "slug": "scmp",
      "name": "South China Morning Post",
      "domain": "scmp.com",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/scmp/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/scmp/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/scmp.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 70,
        "grade": "B",
        "rationale": "Soft paywall (metered); good schema; English-language indexed broadly."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": -7
    },
    {
      "rank": 22,
      "slug": "globe-and-mail",
      "name": "The Globe and Mail",
      "domain": "theglobeandmail.com",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/globe-and-mail/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/globe-and-mail/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/globe-and-mail.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 68,
        "grade": "C",
        "rationale": "Soft paywall (metered); schema OK; English-language indexable."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": -9
    },
    {
      "rank": 23,
      "slug": "el-pais",
      "name": "El País",
      "domain": "elpais.com",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/el-pais/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/el-pais/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/el-pais.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 68,
        "grade": "C",
        "rationale": "Metered paywall; LatAm editions partially open; English edition (elpais.com/english) open."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": -9
    },
    {
      "rank": 24,
      "slug": "the-times-uk",
      "name": "The Times (UK)",
      "domain": "thetimes.co.uk",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/the-times-uk/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/the-times-uk/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/the-times-uk.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 65,
        "grade": "C",
        "rationale": "Hard paywall on virtually all content; minimal LLM-training-corpus inclusion."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": -12
    },
    {
      "rank": 25,
      "slug": "asahi-shimbun",
      "name": "Asahi Shimbun",
      "domain": "asahi.com",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/asahi-shimbun/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/asahi-shimbun/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/asahi-shimbun.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 65,
        "grade": "C",
        "rationale": "Hard paywall on Japanese content; English edition open but smaller scope."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": -12
    },
    {
      "rank": 26,
      "slug": "huffpost",
      "name": "HuffPost",
      "domain": "huffpost.com",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/huffpost/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/huffpost/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/huffpost.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 65,
        "grade": "C",
        "rationale": "Open-web; broad LLM corpus inclusion; engines increasingly down-weight contributor pieces."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": -12
    },
    {
      "rank": 27,
      "slug": "fox-news",
      "name": "Fox News",
      "domain": "foxnews.com",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/source/fox-news/",
      "dimensionDetail": "https://sourcescore.org/modern-reference/fox-news/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/source/fox-news.json",
      "score": {
        "value": 65,
        "grade": "C",
        "rationale": "Open-web; structured-data; partial LLM corpus inclusion (engines down-weight opinion content)."
      },
      "deltaVsCategoryMean": -12
    }
  ],
  "otherDimensions": [
    {
      "pathSegment": "discipline",
      "label": "Citation Discipline",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/category/news/discipline/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/category/news/discipline.json"
    },
    {
      "pathSegment": "velocity",
      "label": "Citation Velocity",
      "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/category/news/velocity/",
      "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/category/news/velocity.json"
    }
  ],
  "categoryComposite": {
    "canonical": "https://sourcescore.org/category/news/",
    "api": "https://sourcescore.org/api/category/news.json"
  },
  "license": {
    "methodology": "Cite as: SourceScore Methodology v0.1, sourcescore.org",
    "data": "Underlying public-source data credited to original publishers"
  }
}