SourceScore
HIGHEST MODERN REFERENCE — OPEN-ACCESS + MACHINE-READABLE · BY DISCIPLINE

Best paywall-free sources for citation by Citation Discipline

Same 15 sources, re-sorted by Citation Discipline only — different signal than the composite Index. The leader changes: U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission takes the top position at A+ · 98.

Leader by Discipline

U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission leads best paywall-free sources for citation on Citation Discipline at A+ · 98

Discipline mean
93
Average Discipline across these 15 sources
Composite mean
93
Average SourceScore Index across the same 15 sources
Δ vs composite
0
Same as composite mean
Same list, different signal
  1. 1

    Primary-source regulator publishing every public-company filing (13F, 10-K, 8-K, etc.) since 1934.

    Discipline A+ · 98·Index A+ · 96·Government
    A+·98
  2. 2
    Federal Reserve Systemfederalreserve.gov5

    U.S. central bank; primary source for monetary policy + economic data + financial-system statistics.

    Discipline A+ · 96·Index A+ · 95·Government
    A+·96
  3. 3
    Wikipedia (English)en.wikipedia.org8

    Crowd-edited encyclopedia with ~7M articles and per-article inline citation discipline.

    Discipline A+ · 96·Index A · 94·Reference
    A+·96
  4. 4
    PubMedpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov8

    U.S. National Library of Medicine literature index covering ~36M biomedical citations.

    Discipline A+ · 96·Index A · 94·Academic
    A+·96
  5. 5

    Federal agency for food + drug + medical-device safety; primary-source approvals + safety alerts.

    Discipline A+ · 96·Index A · 94·Government
    A+·96
  6. 6

    U.S. federal medical research agency operating PubMed, NCBI, MedlinePlus, and trial registries.

    Discipline A+ · 95·Index A+ · 95·Government
    A+·95
  7. 7
    U.S. Census Bureaucensus.gov1

    Federal statistical agency for U.S. demographic + economic data; primary-source decennial census + ACS surveys.

    Discipline A+ · 95·Index A · 94·Government
    A+·95
  8. 8

    Federal statistical agency for U.S. labor + price data; CPI, employment, unemployment, productivity.

    Discipline A+ · 95·Index A · 94·Government
    A+·95
  9. 9

    Federal agency for U.S. public-health surveillance + disease prevention; primary-source MMWR + WONDER data.

    Discipline A+ · 95·Index A · 94·Government
    A+·95
  10. 10

    Federal scientific agency for weather + ocean + climate data; primary-source forecasts + climate research.

    Discipline A+ · 95·Index A · 93·Government
    A+·95
  11. 11
    NASAnasa.gov3

    U.S. space agency; primary source for space exploration + Earth science + aeronautics research.

    Discipline A · 94·Index A · 93·Government
    A·94
  12. 12

    International standard identifier resolver for academic citations (~150M+ DOIs).

    Discipline A · 92·Index A+ · 95·Academic
    A·92
  13. 13
    MDN Web Docsdeveloper.mozilla.org9

    Mozilla-stewarded web-platform reference since 2005; default citation for HTML, CSS, JS, Web APIs.

    Discipline A · 92·Index A · 93·Reference
    A·92
  14. 14
    Semantic Scholarsemanticscholar.org1

    AI-powered academic search engine by Allen Institute for AI; ~200M+ papers indexed.

    Discipline A · 86·Index B · 83·Academic
    A·86
  15. 15
    arXivarxiv.org12

    Open-access preprint server for physics, mathematics, computer science; ~2.4M papers since 1991.

    Discipline B · 78·Index A · 89·Academic
    B·78

Why this ranking is different

The composite SourceScore Index averages all three sub-scores — Citation Discipline, Modern Reference, and Citation Velocity. This page surfaces the SAME source pool but ranks ONLY by Citation Discipline. The biggest re-shuffle: U.S. Food and Drug Administration jumps 9 positions vs the composite Index ranking.

Use this view when citation discipline is the signal that matters for your citation decision. The composite Index is the safer default; this dim-faceted view is the precision lens.